feat: implement durable QEMU snapshots

README.md

@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@ tests verify root access, inherited `Sys.Audit`/`VM.Audit`, operator power
 management, token privilege intersection, denial, and identical denial for an
 existing and a nonexistent VM when the principal lacks `VM.Audit`.
 
+QEMU snapshots are durable PostgreSQL records. Create, delete, and rollback use
+UPID tasks and the same per-VM lock as other mutations; rollback restores both
+the captured VM configuration and runtime state. Snapshot listing, inspection,
+and description updates are available through the native Proxmox API paths.
+
 Token lifecycle is available at
 `/access/users/{userid}/token[/{tokenid}]`. A generated secret is returned only
 by create or explicit regenerate; only its scrypt hash is stored. List/read never

app/handlers/qemu.py

@@ -236,6 +236,92 @@ def register_qemu_handlers(registry: HandlerRegistry) -> None:
     async def resume(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
         return await mutate("resume", request, inputs)
 
+    async def snapshot_list(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+        values = _values(inputs)
+        resource = await _qemu_resource(request, str(values["node"]), str(values["vmid"]))
+        rows = await _database(request).pool.fetch(
+            """SELECT name, parent_name, description, created_at FROM snapshots
+            WHERE resource_id=$1 ORDER BY created_at, name""",
+            resource["id"],
+        )
+        return [
+            {
+                "name": row["name"],
+                "parent": row["parent_name"],
+                "description": row["description"] or "",
+                "snaptime": int(row["created_at"].timestamp()),
+            }
+            for row in rows
+        ]
+
+    async def snapshot_get(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        values = _values(inputs)
+        row = await _snapshot(request, values)
+        state = _state(row["state"])
+        return {
+            "name": row["name"],
+            "parent": row["parent_name"],
+            "description": row["description"] or "",
+            "snaptime": int(row["created_at"].timestamp()),
+            **state,
+        }
+
+    async def snapshot_config(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        row = await _snapshot(request, _values(inputs))
+        return {"description": row["description"] or "", **_state(row["state"])}
+
+    async def snapshot_update(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        values = _values(inputs)
+        row = await _snapshot(request, values)
+        await _database(request).pool.execute(
+            "UPDATE snapshots SET description=$2 WHERE id=$1",
+            row["id"],
+            str(values.get("description", "")),
+        )
+
+    async def snapshot_task(operation: str, request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+        values = _values(inputs)
+        node, vmid, snapname = (
+            str(values["node"]),
+            str(values["vmid"]),
+            str(values["snapname"]),
+        )
+        resource = await _qemu_resource(request, node, vmid)
+        if operation == "snapshot-create":
+            exists = await _database(request).pool.fetchval(
+                "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM snapshots WHERE resource_id=$1 AND name=$2)",
+                resource["id"],
+                snapname,
+            )
+            if exists:
+                raise ApiError(409, "snapshot already exists")
+        else:
+            await _snapshot(request, values)
+        return await _create_task(
+            request,
+            node=node,
+            vmid=vmid,
+            task_type=f"qemu-{operation}",
+            payload={
+                "node": node,
+                "vmid": vmid,
+                "resource_id": str(resource["id"]),
+                "snapname": snapname,
+                "description": str(values.get("description", "")),
+                "vmstate": bool(values.get("vmstate", False)),
+                "start": bool(values.get("start", False)),
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def snapshot_create(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+        return await snapshot_task("snapshot-create", request, inputs)
+
+    async def snapshot_delete(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+        return await snapshot_task("snapshot-delete", request, inputs)
+
+    async def snapshot_rollback(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+        return await snapshot_task("snapshot-rollback", request, inputs)
+
     async def task_list(request: Request, inputs: dict[str, Any]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
         tasks = await TaskRepository(_database(request).pool).list_for_node(
             str(_values(inputs)["node"])
@@ -283,6 +369,19 @@ def register_qemu_handlers(registry: HandlerRegistry) -> None:
     registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/status/reset", "POST", reset)
     registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/status/suspend", "POST", suspend)
     registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/status/resume", "POST", resume)
+    registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot", "GET", snapshot_list)
+    registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot", "POST", snapshot_create)
+    registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}", "GET", snapshot_get)
+    registry.register("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}", "DELETE", snapshot_delete)
+    registry.register(
+        "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}/config", "GET", snapshot_config
+    )
+    registry.register(
+        "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}/config", "PUT", snapshot_update
+    )
+    registry.register(
+        "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}/rollback", "POST", snapshot_rollback
+    )
     registry.register("/nodes/{node}/tasks", "GET", task_list)
     registry.register("/nodes/{node}/tasks/{upid}/status", "GET", task_status)
     registry.register("/nodes/{node}/tasks/{upid}/log", "GET", task_log)
@@ -303,6 +402,9 @@ async def _create_task(
         "qemu-create": "qmcreate",
         "qemu-delete": "qmdestroy",
         "qemu-update": "qmconfig",
+        "qemu-snapshot-create": "qmsnapshot",
+        "qemu-snapshot-delete": "qmdelsnapshot",
+        "qemu-snapshot-rollback": "qmrollback",
     }[task_type]
     upid = str(Upid(node, pid, pid, timestamp, worker_type, vmid, str(request.state.principal)))
     try:
@@ -316,3 +418,31 @@ async def _create_task(
     except ConflictError as error:
         raise ApiError(409, str(error)) from error
     return task.upid
+
+
+async def _qemu_resource(request: Request, node: str, vmid: str) -> Any:
+    row = await _database(request).pool.fetchrow(
+        """SELECT r.id, r.state, v.config FROM resources r
+        JOIN nodes n ON n.id=r.node_id
+        JOIN virtual_machines v ON v.resource_id=r.id
+        WHERE n.name=$1 AND r.kind='qemu' AND r.external_id=$2""",
+        node,
+        vmid,
+    )
+    if row is None:
+        raise ApiError(404, "virtual machine does not exist")
+    return row
+
+
+async def _snapshot(request: Request, values: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
+    row = await _database(request).pool.fetchrow(
+        """SELECT s.* FROM snapshots s
+        JOIN resources r ON r.id=s.resource_id JOIN nodes n ON n.id=r.node_id
+        WHERE n.name=$1 AND r.kind='qemu' AND r.external_id=$2 AND s.name=$3""",
+        str(values["node"]),
+        str(values["vmid"]),
+        str(values["snapname"]),
+    )
+    if row is None:
+        raise ApiError(404, "snapshot does not exist")
+    return row

app/main.py

@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ def create_app(
                     "qemu-reset": handler,
                     "qemu-resume": handler,
                     "qemu-shutdown": handler,
+                    "qemu-snapshot-create": handler,
+                    "qemu-snapshot-delete": handler,
+                    "qemu-snapshot-rollback": handler,
                     "qemu-start": handler,
                     "qemu-stop": handler,
                     "qemu-suspend": handler,

app/tasks/qemu.py

@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ def qemu_handler(repository: TaskRepository, clock: Clock) -> TaskHandler:
             return await _update(repository, task, resource_id)
         if operation == "delete":
             return await _delete(repository, task, resource_id)
+        if operation.startswith("snapshot-"):
+            return await _snapshot(
+                repository, task, resource_id, operation.removeprefix("snapshot-")
+            )
         async with repository.pool.acquire() as connection:
             row = await connection.fetchrow("SELECT state FROM resources WHERE id=$1", resource_id)
             if row is None:
@@ -129,5 +133,73 @@ async def _delete(repository: TaskRepository, task: Task, resource_id: uuid.UUID
     return {"deleted": True}
 
 
+async def _snapshot(
+    repository: TaskRepository,
+    task: Task,
+    resource_id: uuid.UUID,
+    operation: str,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    name = str(task.payload["snapname"])
+    async with repository.pool.acquire() as connection:
+        async with connection.transaction():
+            if operation == "create":
+                row = await connection.fetchrow(
+                    """SELECT r.state, v.config FROM resources r
+                    JOIN virtual_machines v ON v.resource_id=r.id WHERE r.id=$1""",
+                    resource_id,
+                )
+                if row is None:
+                    raise ValueError("resource disappeared")
+                captured = {
+                    "resource_state": _object(row["state"]),
+                    "config": _object(row["config"]),
+                    "vmstate": bool(task.payload.get("vmstate", False)),
+                }
+                await connection.execute(
+                    """INSERT INTO snapshots(id, resource_id, name, description, state)
+                    VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5::jsonb)""",
+                    uuid.uuid4(),
+                    resource_id,
+                    name,
+                    str(task.payload.get("description", "")),
+                    json.dumps(captured, sort_keys=True),
+                )
+            elif operation == "delete":
+                status = await connection.execute(
+                    "DELETE FROM snapshots WHERE resource_id=$1 AND name=$2",
+                    resource_id,
+                    name,
+                )
+                if status != "DELETE 1":
+                    raise ValueError("snapshot disappeared")
+            elif operation == "rollback":
+                row = await connection.fetchrow(
+                    "SELECT state FROM snapshots WHERE resource_id=$1 AND name=$2",
+                    resource_id,
+                    name,
+                )
+                if row is None:
+                    raise ValueError("snapshot disappeared")
+                captured = _object(row["state"])
+                state = dict(cast(Mapping[str, Any], captured["resource_state"]))
+                if bool(task.payload.get("start", False)):
+                    state["status"] = "running"
+                await connection.execute(
+                    """UPDATE resources SET state=$2::jsonb, version=version+1,
+                    updated_at=now() WHERE id=$1""",
+                    resource_id,
+                    json.dumps(state, sort_keys=True),
+                )
+                await connection.execute(
+                    "UPDATE virtual_machines SET config=$2::jsonb WHERE resource_id=$1",
+                    resource_id,
+                    json.dumps(captured["config"], sort_keys=True),
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"unsupported snapshot operation: {operation}")
+    await repository.append_log(task.id, f"snapshot {name} {operation} completed")
+    return {"snapshot": name, "operation": operation}
+
+
 def _object(value: object) -> dict[str, Any]:
     return json.loads(value) if isinstance(value, str) else dict(cast(Mapping[str, Any], value))

docs/compatibility-0.1.0.md

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ Proxmox compatibility.
 | Level | Methods | Contract share | Evidence |
 |---|---:|---:|---|
 | Declared and dynamically routed | 675 | 100% | Imported immutable API Viewer artifact |
-| Stateful semantics implemented on current main | 27 | 4.00% | Handler registry and unit/integration tests |
-| Schema-only or explicitly unsupported | 648 | 96.00% | Default 501 fallback |
+| Stateful semantics implemented on current main | 34 | 5.04% | Handler registry and unit/integration tests |
+| Schema-only or explicitly unsupported | 641 | 94.96% | Default 501 fallback |
 | proxmoxer smoke exercised | 9 | 1.33% | Unmodified proxmoxer 2.3 compatibility test |
 
 The smoke set is `POST /access/ticket`, `GET /version`, `GET /nodes`,

docs/original-prompt-gap-plan.md

@@ -57,8 +57,9 @@ plaintext password, ticket, CSRF token, or token secret reaches storage/logs.
 
 - [x] Create, synchronous/asynchronous update, and delete.
 - [x] Shutdown, reboot, reset, suspend and resume.
-- [ ] Snapshots and rollback, clone, local/remote migration, resize and move
-  disk, selected agent endpoints, pending/status data.
+- [x] Snapshots and rollback.
+- [ ] Clone, local/remote migration, resize and move disk, selected agent
+  endpoints, pending/status data.
 - [ ] Persist normalized CPU/memory/common fields plus unknown PVE parameters in
   JSONB; simulate usage, uptime, PID, IO/network, lock, template, QMP, HA and
   guest-agent availability.

evidence/pve-9.2.3-0.1.0.json

@@ -104,6 +104,48 @@
       "verb": "POST",
       "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "long_task_behavior", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
       "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py", "tests/unit/test_transitions.py", "tests/unit/test_qemu_task.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot",
+      "verb": "GET",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py", "tests/unit/test_qemu_task.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot",
+      "verb": "POST",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "long_task_behavior", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py", "tests/unit/test_qemu_task.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}",
+      "verb": "GET",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}",
+      "verb": "DELETE",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "long_task_behavior", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py", "tests/unit/test_qemu_task.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}/config",
+      "verb": "GET",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}/config",
+      "verb": "PUT",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py"]
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot/{snapname}/rollback",
+      "verb": "POST",
+      "dimensions": ["input_parameters", "parameter_requiredness", "types_constraints", "http_status", "json_structure", "state_semantics", "long_task_behavior", "errors_prohibitions", "permissions"],
+      "sources": ["tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py", "tests/unit/test_qemu_task.py"]
     }
   ]
 }

tests/compatibility/test_proxmoxer.py

@@ -110,6 +110,22 @@ def test_proxmoxer_read_and_qemu_task_flow() -> None:
     assert wait_task(proxmox, update_upid)["exitstatus"] == "OK"
     assert proxmox.nodes("pve1").qemu("150").config.get()["name"] == "async-update"
 
+    snapshots = proxmox.nodes("pve1").qemu("150").snapshot
+    snapshot_upid = snapshots.post(snapname="baseline", description="before change")
+    assert wait_task(proxmox, snapshot_upid)["exitstatus"] == "OK"
+    assert any(item["name"] == "baseline" for item in snapshots.get())
+    baseline = snapshots("baseline")
+    assert baseline.get()["description"] == "before change"
+    assert baseline.config.put(description="stable baseline") is None
+    assert baseline.config.get()["description"] == "stable baseline"
+    assert proxmox.nodes("pve1").qemu("150").config.put(name="after-snapshot") is None
+    rollback_upid = baseline.rollback.post()
+    assert wait_task(proxmox, rollback_upid)["exitstatus"] == "OK"
+    assert proxmox.nodes("pve1").qemu("150").config.get()["name"] == "async-update"
+    snapshot_delete_upid = baseline.delete()
+    assert wait_task(proxmox, snapshot_delete_upid)["exitstatus"] == "OK"
+    assert not snapshots.get()
+
     delete_upid = proxmox.nodes("pve1").qemu("150").delete()
     assert wait_task(proxmox, delete_upid)["exitstatus"] == "OK"
     with pytest.raises(ResourceException) as deleted_vm:

tests/unit/test_qemu_handlers.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Persistent QEMU CRUD semantic handler tests."""
 
 import uuid
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import Any, cast
 
 import pytest
@@ -32,8 +33,24 @@ class QemuPool:
             return True
         if "FROM resources" in sql:
             return self.resource_exists
+        if "FROM snapshots" in sql:
+            return False
         raise AssertionError(sql)
 
+    async def fetch(self, sql: str, *args: object) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+        del args
+        if "FROM resources" in sql:
+            return [{"vmid": 150, "state": '{"status":"stopped","name":"vm"}'}]
+        assert "FROM snapshots" in sql
+        return [
+            {
+                "name": "baseline",
+                "parent_name": None,
+                "description": "stable",
+                "created_at": datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+            }
+        ]
+
     async def fetchrow(self, sql: str, *args: object) -> dict[str, object] | None:
         del args
         if self.missing:
@@ -45,9 +62,22 @@ class QemuPool:
                 "state": '{"name":"old","status":"stopped"}',
                 "config": '{"name":"old"}',
             }
+        if "SELECT r.state, v.config" in sql:
+            return {"state": '{"status":"stopped"}', "config": '{"name":"vm"}'}
         if "SELECT r.id, r.state" in sql:
             status = "running" if self.running else "stopped"
             return {"id": self.resource_id, "state": f'{{"status":"{status}"}}'}
+        if "SELECT r.id, r.state, v.config" in sql:
+            return {"id": self.resource_id, "state": '{"status":"stopped"}', "config": "{}"}
+        if "SELECT s.* FROM snapshots" in sql:
+            return {
+                "id": uuid.uuid4(),
+                "name": "baseline",
+                "parent_name": None,
+                "description": "stable",
+                "state": '{"config":{"name":"old"}}',
+                "created_at": datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+            }
         raise AssertionError(sql)
 
     async def execute(self, sql: str, *args: object) -> str:
@@ -113,10 +143,17 @@ async def test_qemu_create_sync_async_update_and_delete(
     pool = QemuPool()
     http_request = request(pool)
     create = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu", "POST")
+    listing = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu", "GET")
+    config = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/config", "GET")
+    current = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/status/current", "GET")
     update_sync = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/config", "PUT")
     update_async = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/config", "POST")
     delete = registry.get("/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}", "DELETE")
-    assert create and update_sync and update_async and delete
+    assert create and listing and config and current and update_sync and update_async and delete
+
+    assert (await listing(http_request, inputs(node="pve1")))[0]["name"] == "vm"
+    assert (await config(http_request, inputs(node="pve1", vmid=150)))["name"] == "vm"
+    assert (await current(http_request, inputs(node="pve1", vmid=150)))["status"] == "stopped"
 
     create_upid = await create(
         http_request,
@@ -185,3 +222,43 @@ async def test_qemu_crud_conflicts_and_missing_resources(
     with pytest.raises(ApiError) as running:
         await delete(http_request, inputs(node="pve1", vmid=150))
     assert running.value.status_code == 409
+
+
+async def test_qemu_snapshot_handlers(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+    tasks: list[str] = []
+
+    class FakeTaskRepository:
+        def __init__(self, pool: object) -> None:
+            del pool
+
+        async def create(self, **kwargs: Any) -> Task:
+            tasks.append(str(kwargs["task_type"]))
+            return Task(uuid.uuid4(), str(kwargs["upid"]), tasks[-1], "queued", {}, 0, False, 0)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("app.handlers.qemu.TaskRepository", FakeTaskRepository)
+    registry = HandlerRegistry()
+    register_qemu_handlers(registry)
+    pool = QemuPool()
+    http_request = request(pool)
+    base = "/nodes/{node}/qemu/{vmid}/snapshot"
+
+    listing = registry.get(base, "GET")
+    create = registry.get(base, "POST")
+    get = registry.get(f"{base}/{{snapname}}", "GET")
+    delete = registry.get(f"{base}/{{snapname}}", "DELETE")
+    config_get = registry.get(f"{base}/{{snapname}}/config", "GET")
+    config_put = registry.get(f"{base}/{{snapname}}/config", "PUT")
+    rollback = registry.get(f"{base}/{{snapname}}/rollback", "POST")
+    assert listing and create and get and delete and config_get and config_put and rollback
+
+    common = inputs(node="pve1", vmid=150, snapname="baseline")
+    assert (await listing(http_request, inputs(node="pve1", vmid=150)))[0]["name"] == "baseline"
+    assert (await get(http_request, common))["description"] == "stable"
+    assert (await config_get(http_request, common))["config"] == {"name": "old"}
+    assert await config_put(http_request, inputs(**common["values"], description="updated")) is None
+    assert (
+        await create(http_request, inputs(**common["values"], description="stable"))
+    ).startswith("UPID:pve1:")
+    assert (await rollback(http_request, common)).startswith("UPID:pve1:")
+    assert (await delete(http_request, common)).startswith("UPID:pve1:")
+    assert tasks == ["qemu-snapshot-create", "qemu-snapshot-rollback", "qemu-snapshot-delete"]

tests/unit/test_qemu_task.py

@@ -82,6 +82,12 @@ class CrudConnection:
             return {"id": uuid.uuid4(), "cluster_id": uuid.uuid4()}
         if "JOIN virtual_machines" in sql:
             return {"state": '{"status":"stopped","name":"old"}', "config": '{"name":"old"}'}
+        if "FROM snapshots" in sql:
+            return {
+                "state": (
+                    '{"resource_state":{"status":"stopped","name":"old"},"config":{"name":"old"}}'
+                )
+            }
         return None
 
     async def execute(self, sql: str, *args: object) -> str:
@@ -175,3 +181,39 @@ async def test_qemu_worker_create_update_and_delete_are_persistent() -> None:
     assert any("INSERT INTO resources" in command for command in repository.connection.commands)
     assert any("UPDATE virtual_machines" in command for command in repository.connection.commands)
     assert any("DELETE FROM resources" in command for command in repository.connection.commands)
+
+
+async def test_qemu_worker_snapshot_create_rollback_and_delete_are_persistent() -> None:
+    repository = CrudRepository()
+    handler = qemu_handler(cast(TaskRepository, repository), cast(Clock, ImmediateClock()))
+    resource_id = uuid.uuid4()
+
+    async def run(operation: str, **payload: object) -> dict[str, object]:
+        result = await handler(
+            Task(
+                uuid.uuid4(),
+                f"UPID:{operation}",
+                f"qemu-snapshot-{operation}",
+                "running",
+                {"resource_id": str(resource_id), "snapname": "baseline", **payload},
+                0,
+                False,
+                1,
+            )
+        )
+        assert result is not None
+        return cast(dict[str, object], result)
+
+    assert await run("create", description="stable") == {
+        "snapshot": "baseline",
+        "operation": "create",
+    }
+    assert await run("rollback", start=True) == {
+        "snapshot": "baseline",
+        "operation": "rollback",
+    }
+    assert await run("delete") == {"snapshot": "baseline", "operation": "delete"}
+    commands = repository.connection.commands
+    assert any("INSERT INTO snapshots" in command for command in commands)
+    assert any("UPDATE virtual_machines" in command for command in commands)
+    assert any("DELETE FROM snapshots" in command for command in commands)