feat: add authentication and ACL primitives

tests/unit/test_acl.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""ACL propagation, token separation, and contract mapping tests."""
+
+from app.contracts.model import Permissions
+from app.security.acl import AclEntry, authorize, effective_privileges, requirement_from_contract
+
+ENTRIES = (
+    AclEntry("alice@pve", "/vms", frozenset({"VM.Audit", "VM.PowerMgmt"})),
+    AclEntry("alice@pve", "/vms/200", frozenset({"VM.Config"}), propagate=False),
+)
+
+
+def test_acl_propagation_matrix() -> None:
+    assert effective_privileges("alice@pve", "/vms/100", ENTRIES) == frozenset(
+        {"VM.Audit", "VM.PowerMgmt"}
+    )
+    assert "VM.Config" in effective_privileges("alice@pve", "/vms/200", ENTRIES)
+    assert "VM.Config" not in effective_privileges("alice@pve", "/vms/200/snapshot", ENTRIES)
+    assert not effective_privileges("bob@pve", "/vms/100", ENTRIES)
+
+
+def test_api_token_privileges_are_intersection_not_escalation() -> None:
+    assert authorize(
+        "alice@pve",
+        "/vms/100",
+        frozenset({"VM.Audit"}),
+        ENTRIES,
+        token_privileges=frozenset({"VM.Audit"}),
+    )
+    assert not authorize(
+        "alice@pve",
+        "/vms/100",
+        frozenset({"VM.PowerMgmt"}),
+        ENTRIES,
+        token_privileges=frozenset({"VM.Audit"}),
+    )
+
+
+def test_contract_permission_maps_to_capability_requirement() -> None:
+    permissions = Permissions(expression={"check": ["perm", "/vms/{vmid}", ["VM.PowerMgmt"]]})
+
+    requirement = requirement_from_contract(permissions, {"vmid": "100"})
+
+    assert requirement is not None
+    assert requirement.path == "/vms/100"
+    assert requirement.privileges == frozenset({"VM.PowerMgmt"})

tests/unit/test_auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+"""Authentication, CSRF, token, and redaction matrices."""
+
+import pytest
+from starlette.responses import Response
+
+from app.security.auth import (
+    AuthenticationError,
+    csrf_token,
+    hash_secret,
+    issue_ticket,
+    parse_api_token,
+    redact_secrets,
+    set_ticket_cookie,
+    verify_csrf,
+    verify_secret,
+    verify_ticket,
+)
+
+KEY = b"test-signing-key-with-at-least-32-bytes"
+
+
+def test_password_and_token_hashes_do_not_store_plaintext() -> None:
+    encoded = hash_secret("correct horse", salt=b"0123456789abcdef")
+
+    assert "correct horse" not in encoded
+    assert verify_secret("correct horse", encoded)
+    assert not verify_secret("wrong", encoded)
+    assert not verify_secret("correct horse", "unknown$format")
+
+
+def test_signed_ticket_expiry_and_csrf() -> None:
+    ticket = issue_ticket("root@pam", KEY, now=100, ttl=60)
+
+    assert verify_ticket(ticket, KEY, now=120).principal == "root@pam"
+    token = csrf_token(ticket, KEY)
+    assert verify_csrf(ticket, token, KEY)
+    assert not verify_csrf(ticket, token + "x", KEY)
+    with pytest.raises(AuthenticationError, match="expired"):
+        verify_ticket(ticket, KEY, now=161)
+    with pytest.raises(AuthenticationError, match="invalid"):
+        verify_ticket(ticket + "x", KEY, now=120)
+
+
+def test_ticket_cookie_is_http_only_and_secure() -> None:
+    response = Response()
+    set_ticket_cookie(response, "ticket")
+
+    header = response.headers["set-cookie"]
+    assert "PVEAuthCookie=ticket" in header
+    assert "HttpOnly" in header
+    assert "Secure" in header
+    assert "SameSite=strict" in header
+
+
+def test_api_token_parsing_and_log_redaction() -> None:
+    token = parse_api_token("PVEAPIToken=user@pve!automation=supersecret")
+
+    assert token.principal == "user@pve"
+    assert token.token_id == "automation"
+    assert token.secret == "supersecret"
+    redacted = redact_secrets(
+        "PVEAPIToken=user@pve!automation=supersecret password=hunter2 token=abc"
+    )
+    assert "supersecret" not in redacted
+    assert "hunter2" not in redacted
+    assert "token=abc" not in redacted
+    with pytest.raises(AuthenticationError):
+        parse_api_token("Bearer secret")

tests/unit/test_migrations.py

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ def test_load_migrations_is_ordered_and_checksummed(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
 
 def test_repository_migration_defines_required_planes() -> None:
-    migration = load_migrations()[0]
+    migrations = load_migrations()
+    migration = migrations[0]
 
     for table in (
         "contract_snapshots",
@@ -30,3 +31,5 @@ def test_repository_migration_defines_required_planes() -> None:
         "audit_events",
     ):
         assert f"CREATE TABLE {table}" in migration.sql
+    assert "CREATE TABLE realms" in migrations[1].sql
+    assert "CREATE TABLE api_tokens" in migrations[1].sql